Local Administrative Orders, Local Court Rules, and Plans
Authority, Scope, and Procedure
A trial court may issue a local administrative
order governing only internal court management. Administrative
orders must be sequentially numbered during the calendar year of their
issuance. Before its effective date an administrative order must be
sent to the State Court Administrator. If the State Court Administrator
directs, a trial court shall stay the effective date of an administrative
order or shall revoke it. A trial court may submit such an order to
the Supreme Court as a local court rule. [MCR 8.112(B)]
A trial court may adopt local court rules
regulating practice in that court. These rules are not to be in conflict
with the Michigan Court Rules and are to regulate matters not covered
by the court rules. [MCR 8.112(A)] If a practice of a trial court is
not specifically authorized by the Michigan Court Rules and 1) reasonably
depends on attorneys or litigants being informed of the practice for
its effectiveness or 2) requires an attorney litigant to do some act
in relation to practice before that court, the practice, before enforcement,
must be adopted by the court as a local court rule and approved by the
Supreme Court.
Model local administrative orders are available for some areas of court
management; they can be downloaded from this site as PDF files and are
listed below by an LAO number. To assist trial courts with preparation,
these models are also available from regional offices in the following
formats: WordPerfect, Microsoft Word, and Rich Text.
Guidelines for
Submitting Local Administrative Orders
Guidelines for Submitting Local
Court Rules
Required Local Administrative
Orders - explanation about each type
- Access to Juror Personal History Questionnaire
LAO 2a,
LAO 2b,
LAO 2c,
LAO 2d (6/00)
- Appointment of
Counsel for Indigent Defendants (these are guidelines for preparing
the LAO - a model is not provided)
- Caseflow Management Plan LAO 22 (rev. 2/06)
- Court Closure Due to Weather Emergency
LAO 17 (1/02)
- Court Hours (these are guidelines for
preparing the LAO - a model is not provided) (2/99)
- Plan for Family Court
- Plan for Remote Hearings on Support and Parenting Time Enforcement Act Bench Warrants LAO 20 (3/04)
- Plan Involving Children Who are Absent Without Legal Permission
(AWOLP)
- Inspection, Reproduction, and Creation of New Records LAO
8 (rev. 3/06)
- Security Policies for Court Facilities
LAO 15 (rev. 12/06)
- Selecting Case Evaluators and Case
Evaluation Plans
(these are guidelines for preparing the LAO - a model is not provided) (8/00)
Required Plans - explanation
about each type
- Plan for Appointment of Counsel for Indigent Defendants*
Required by MCR 8.123
- Plan for Judicial Availability
Required by MCR 6.104(G)
- Plan for Caseflow Management*
Required by Supreme Court Administrative Order 2003-7
- Plan for Family Court*
Required by Supreme Court Administrative Order 2003-2
- Plan for Remote Hearings on Support and Parenting Time Enforcement Act Bench Warrants*
Required by MCR 3.221(K)
- Plan Involving Children Who are Absent Without Legal Permission
(AWOLP)*
Required by Supreme Court Administrative Order 2002-4
Plans that are to be implemented through a local administrative order
are designated by an asterisk ( * ).
Local Administrative Orders Required under Certain
Circumstances - explanation about each type
- Access to Friend of the Court Records LAO
1 (rev. 8/03)
- Authority for Probate Register to Perform Judicial Acts
LAO 18 (rev. 8/04)
- Assignment of Cases
- Circuit Court Arraignment in District Court (formerly Guilty Pleas; District Judges Accepting in Felony Cases) LAO
6 (rev. 11/05)
- Court Closure-Generally LAO 16 (1/02)
- Court Holidays
- Elimination of Circuit Court Arraignments LAO 26 (1/06)
- Emergency Services Plan
- Facsimile Equipment in Mental Health Proceedings
- Local Alternative Dispute Resolution Plans LAO
14 (8/00)
- Multiple District Plan for Magistrates LAO
7 (rev. 6/00)
- Order Amending Support Orders to Establish New Surcharge Rate LAO 23 (7.04)
- Orders for Installment Payment of Lump Sum Support Obligations LAO 21 (6/04)
- Payment by Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) LAO
11
DISCONTINUED
- Pilot for Referring Selected Parenting Time Disputes to the Community Dispute
Resolution Center for Mediation LAO 24 (rev. 12/07)
- Places of Holding Court (District) LAO 10a (9/07)
- Places of Holding Court (Probate) LAO
10 (6/00)
- Providing Forms to Litigants and Lawyers
- Referrals to Domestic Relations Referee
- Scheduling Arraignments
- Use of Interactive Video Technology LAO 28 (2/08)
(in Enumerated Delinquency Proceedings, Child Protective Proceedings,
and Probate Matters
- Video Proceedings LAO 13b - Probate/Family
Division DISCONTINUED
- Waiver of Jurisdiction over Civil Infractions Committed by Juveniles
LAO 12 (6/00)
Recommended Local Administrative Orders
- explanation about each type
- Administrative Closure of Friend of the Court Cases Subject to the Michigan Arrears Collection Special Project - LAO 27 (1/06)
- County Agent
- Juvenile Register
- Magistrate - District Court LAO 3a
- Non-Attorney (rev. 4/08),
LAO 3b - Attorney (rev. 4/08)
- Order Directing Friend of the Court to Transfer Bank Account Funds
to MiSDU LAO 19 DISCONTINUED
- Probation Officer - Family Division of Circuit Court
- Referee - Family Division of Circuit Court
Required Local Administrative Orders
All trial courts are mandated to issue local administrative orders
to establish court policies for regulating access to juror questionnaires,
court hours, and mediation procedures.
Access to Juror Personal History Questionnaire
The State Court Administrator has adopted a juror personal history
questionnaire. Upon completion by a prospective juror, the questionnaire
is filed with the court clerk or the jury board. The only persons allowed
to examine the questionnaire are the judges of the court, the court
clerk and deputy clerks, parties to the actions in which the juror is
called to serve and their attorneys, and persons authorized access by
court rule or by court order. [MCR 2.510(A), (C)]
The State Court Administrator has developed model procedures for providing
attorneys and parties reasonable access to juror questionnaires. Each
court has selected and implemented one of these procedures by local
administrative order adopted pursuant to MCR 8.112(B). If the State
Court Administrator determined that, given the circumstances existing
in an individual court, the procedure selected did not provide reasonable
access, the State Court Administrator may have directed the court to
implement one of the other model procedures. [MCR 2.510(C)(2)]
2a. Model that allows for examination only:
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2b. Model that allows for examination and copies for attorneys or
parties in pro per upon ex parte order:
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2c. Model that allows for examination and copies for attorneys
upon request:
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2d. Model that allows for examination and copies for attorneys
in pro per on request:
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Caseflow Management Plan
All trial courts are
required to develop and implement caseflow management plans, which include case
processing goals as established under Mich Sup Ct AO 2003-7. See also Court Improvement Project
Recommendations.
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>>See Caseflow Management Guidelines
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Court Closure Due to Weather Emergency
All courts must submit a local administrative order governing closure
due to emergency weather conditions. In facilities containing multiple
courts, the courts must adopt and submit a joint LAO. Courts with the
same funding unit should also submit a joint LAO, if possible. The policy
must provide that certain procedures will apply in the event of a weather
emergency as outlined in the Guideline for Unscheduled Court Closing
Due to Weather Emergency.
>>See Guideline for Unscheduled Court Closing due to Weather Emergency.
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Court Hours
The chief judge shall enter an administrative order establishing the
court's hours. [MCR 8.110(D)(1)]
Inspection, Reproduction, and Creation of New Records
Unless access to a file, a document, or information contained in a
file or document is restricted by statute, court rule, or an order entered
according to MCR 8.119(F), any person may inspect pleadings and other
papers in the clerk's office and may obtain copies as provided in MCR
8.119(E)(2) and (E)(3). A court, by administrative order, may make reasonable
regulations necessary to protect its public records and prevent excessive
and unreasonable interference with the discharge of its functions. >>See Administrative Memo 2006-04. >>See
also Access to Friend of the Court Records.
[MCR 8.119(E)]
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Security Policies for Court Facilities
Supreme Court Administrative Order 2001-1 states that weapons are not
permitted in any courtroom, office, or other space used for official
court business or by judicial employees unless the chief judge or other
person designated by the chief judge has given prior approval consistent
with the court's written policy. Each court is required to submit a
written policy conforming with this order to the State Court Administrator
for approval. Courts are encouraged to collaborate with other entities
in shared facilities and, where appropriate, to work with local funding
units in developing the policy, which may be a separate plan or part
of a general security program.
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Selecting Case Evaluator and Case Evaluation Plans
Each trial court that submits cases to case evaluation under MCR 2.403
shall adopt by local administrative order a plan to maintain a list
of persons available to serve as case evaluators and to assign case
evaluators from the list of panels. The plan must be in writing and
available to the public in the case evaluation clerk's office. Other
alternative plans must be submitted as local court rules under MCR 8.112(A).
[MCR 2.403(A)]
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Local Administrative Orders Required Under Certain
Circumstances
In addition to the mandated local administrative orders, there are
a number of local administrative orders that are required under certain
circumstances. Also, a court may, but is not "required" to,
delegate authority and make directions to court staff for certain functions.
These functions are 1) arraignment on information in criminal cases,
2) public access to court records, 3) providing forms to litigants and
lawyers, and 4) authorizing probate registers to sign for the judge.
If a court opts to delegate authority or make directions regarding any
of the above, a local administrative order is then required.
Access to Friend of the Court Records
Access to friend of the court records is governed by MCR 3.218. A
court, by administrative order pursuant to MCR 8.112(B), may make reasonable
regulations necessary to protect friend of the court records and to
prevent excessive and unreasonable interference with the discharge of
friend of the court functions. For information about access to court
records generally, see Public Access to Court Records. [MCR 3.218]
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Assignment of Cases
All cases must be assigned by lot unless a different system has been
adopted by local court administrative order under the provisions of
subrule MCR 8.112. Assignment will occur at the time the case is filed or
before a contested hearing or uncontested dispositional hearing on the
case, as the chief judge directs. Civil actions must be assigned within
appropriate categories determined by the chief judge. The chief judge
may receive fewer assignments in order to perform the duties of chief
judge. It is required by court rule that a local administrative order
be issued defining and explaining the procedure of assigning cases "by
lot" utilized by the particular court. [MCR 8.111(B)]
Authority for Probate Register to Perform Judicial Acts
Under Michigan statute (MCL 600.834) and court rule (MCR 8.301), a
chief probate judge may, through issuance of an order, grant to a probate
register the authority to perform certain judicial acts.
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Court Closure - General
Courts periodically find it necessary to close for brief periods of
time for such matters as staff training, conducting pending inventory,
and doing records destruction. This model local administrative order
can be customized to meet the needs of the court.
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Court Holidays
The court is directed to observe a specific list of holidays, except
those courts which have adopted modifying local administrative orders.
Furthermore, courts are required to promulgate a modifying administrative
order, if appropriate, to accommodate or achieve uniformity with the
holiday practices of local governmental units regarding local public
employees. A judge may continue a trial in progress, however, or dispose
of judicial matters on any of these specifically listed holidays if
he or she finds it to be necessary. [MCR 8.110(D)(2)]
Elimination of Circuit Court Arraignments
Under MCR 6.113, a circuit court may, through issuance of a local administrative order, eliminate the circuit court arraignment of criminal cases cognizable in the circuit court.
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Emergency Services Plan If a court is notified
by its funding unit of a reduction of the original appropriation for the court
for the current fiscal year, the court shall immediately file a copy of that notice
with the State Court Administrative Office in accordance with Mich Sup Ct AO 1994-6.
The court, among other things, must provide an emergency services plan which outlines
what services are essential. [Mich Sup Ct AO 1994-6]
Facsimile Equipment in Mental Health Proceedings
Probate courts can be authorized to use facsimile communication equipment
to transmit petitions, physician's certificates and other supporting
documents from state regional psychiatric hospitals or private hospitals
for filing in the courts under Michigan Supreme Court Administrative
Order. Participation is subject to the discretion of the chief judge
of the probate court and with approval of the State Court Administrator.
The State Court Administrative Office assists in implementing use of
facsimile equipment in mental health proceedings for courts electing
to participate.
An administrative order submitted for authorization to use facsimile
communication equipment must comply with Mich Sup Ct AO 1992-3.
Providing Forms to Litigants and Lawyers
The chief judge may, by administrative order, direct the clerk of
the court to provide litigants and attorneys with copies of forms approved
by the State Court Administrator. The administrative order may allow
the clerk to provide the forms at the cost of reproduction to the clerk.
[MCR 8.110(C)(7)]
The SCAO model local administrative order regarding
public access to court records includes language about providing forms
to litigants and lawyers.
Circuit Court Arraignment in District Court
District court judges may be assigned as judges in the circuit court
for the purpose of taking not guilty and guilty pleas in felony criminal
cases. If a court desires approval to accept felony pleas, it must submit
a local administrative order to the State Court Administrator signed
by the chief judges of both the circuit and district courts. [Mich Sup
Ct AO 1992-5]
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Local Alternative Dispute Resolution Plans
Each trial court that submits matters to alternative dispute resolution
processes under MCR 2.410 and MCR 3.216 shall adopt an ADR plan by local
administrative order. The plan must be in writing and available to the
public in the ADR clerk's office. [MCR 2.410(B)(1), MCR 3.216(B)(1)]
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Multiple District Plan for Magistrates
MCL 600.8320 allows two or more district courts within a county or
two adjoining districts of the first class to establish a multiple district
plan in which a district court magistrate is authorized to conduct arraignments,
set bail or recognizance, provide for the appointment of counsel, or
make determinations of probable cause and issue warrants for all of
the participating districts within the multiple district area. For districts
consisting of more than one county, the chief or only judge may authorize
a magistrate appointed in one county to serve in another county within
the district. Courts choosing to establish a multiple district plan
must submit to the State Court Administrator a local administrative
order signed by the chief or only judges of all participating districts.
[MCL 600.8320]
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Order Amending Support Orders to Establish New Surcharge Rate
The purpose of this order is to implement 2003 PA 276 which changed the
way surcharges are imposed on past due child support.
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Orders for the Installment Payment of Lump Sum Support Obligations
The purpose of this order is to clarify circuit court orders for the installment payment of
lump sum support obligations. This administrative order shall not prohibit a party or the
friend of the court from seeking modification of the payment arrangements in an order.
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Pilot for Referring Selected Parenting
Time Disputes to the Community Dispute Resolution Center for Mediation
Courts may refer certain domestic relations disputes to local Community Dispute Resolution Program (CDRP) centers for mediation. CDRP center mediators have completed a 40-hour general civil mediation training and a three-day State Court Administrative Office domestic relations mediation training. Courts may refer custody, parenting time, grandparenting time motions, parenting time complaints, and other contested custody and parenting time issues identified by the court to the CDRP center for mediation.
Courts interested in establishing a referral process for these domestic relations issues must submit a local administrative order (LAO). A model LAO includes referral and mediation procedures.
Courts should contact the local CDRP center before implementing a local administrative order for this program. >>See contact information for local centers.
Please direct questions about this program to Doug Van Epps at 517-373-4839 or vaneppsd@courts.mi.gov, or Timothy Cole at 517-373-5975 or colet@courts.mi.gov.
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Places of Holding Court (District)
The court shall sit in such places as required by MCL 600.8251, and
may sit at other locations within the district as the judges of the
district determine.
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Places of Holding Court (Probate)
Subject to the approval of the county board of commissioners and the
State Court Administrator, the chief probate judge of a county may designate
one or more places in the county where sessions of probate court may
be held. A designation made under MCL 600.816(3) shall be delivered
to the county clerk. [MCL 600.816(3)]
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Referrals to Domestic Relations Referee
Under MCR 3.215(B), the chief judge may issue an administrative order
to refer all motions of a particular kind to a referee. Judges are free
to assign other motions to a referee to the extent allowed by law. [MCR
3.215(B)]
Scheduling Arraignments
Unless the circuit court does the scheduling of the arraignment on
the information, the district court must do so in accordance with the
administrative orders of the trial court. [MCR 6.110(I)]
Use of Interactive Video Technology
(in Enumerated Delinquency Proceedings, Child Protective Proceedings, and Probate Matters)
Effective May 1, 2007, MCR 3.904 and MCR 5.738a allow courts to use interactive video technology (IVT) in enumerated delinquency proceedings, child protective proceedings, and probate matters. In addition, Administrative Order 2007-1 encourages courts in appropriate circumstances to expand the use of IVT to delinquency proceedings, child protective proceedings, and probate matters that are not enumerated in MCR 3.904 or MCR 5.738a by seeking a local administrative order (LAO).
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Waiver of Jurisdiction Over Civil Infractions Committed by Juveniles
Under MCL 712A.2e and MCL 600.8379(1), the circuit court may enter
into an agreement with the district court to waive jurisdiction over
all or specifically named civil infractions alleged to have been committed
by juveniles within the geographic jurisdiction of the district court.
Courts making such an agreement must submit a joint local administrative
order to the State Court Administrator. [MCL 712A.2e, MCL 600.8379(1)]
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Recommended Local Administrative Orders
Although not required by court rule, it is strongly recommended that
delegation of authority for the following court staff be documented
through local administrative order.
Administrative Closure of Friend of the Court Cases Subject to the Michigan Arrears Collection Special Project
The Michigan Arrears Collection Special Project (MACS Project), will run from February 1, 2006, to April 30, 2006, and will offer certain child support payers with arrears only (no child support obligation) an opportunity to satisfy their obligation to the State of Michigan by paying a portion of their state-owed arrearage. The friend of the court must be authorized to close cases administratively when an agreement is reached between the state and the payer pursuant to this project.
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Juvenile Register (Family Division of Circuit Court)
The probate judge may appoint the register of probate, a deputy probate
register, or clerk of the court as register of the juvenile division
of probate court. [MCL 712A.7]
County Agent (Family Division of Circuit Court)
The county agent is an officer of the court under the general supervision
of the judges of the court and shall serve at their pleasure. The county
agent shall organize, direct, and develop the juvenile welfare work
of the court as authorized by the judge. With the judge's approval,
the county agent or his or her assistants shall investigate and report
on juveniles or families within the county as requested by the Family
Independence Agency, the county juvenile agency, or the superintendent
of any state institution regarding the welfare of any juvenile. [MCL
712A.8]
Probation Officer - Probate Court (Family Division of Circuit Court)
The probate judge in each county may appoint one or more suitable
persons of good character and qualified training or experience other
than the county agent or assistants to act as probation officer, who
shall receive such compensation as the board of supervisors may appropriate
for the purpose and who, at the discretion of the judge, may be authorized
and empowered to perform county agent duties. The probate judge may
also appoint other probation officers who shall receive no compensation
from the county treasury for the duties performed under such appointment.
[MCL 712A.9]
Referee - Probate Court (Family Division of Circuit Court)
The probate judge may designate a probation officer or county agent
to act as referee in taking the testimony of witnesses and hearing the
statements of parties upon the hearing of petitions alleging that a
child is within the provisions of the juvenile code if there is no objection
by parties in interest. If a child is before the court under MCL 712A.2(a)(1),
a probation officer or county agent who is not licensed to practice
law in Michigan shall not be designated to act as a referee in any hearing
for the child, except the preliminary inquiry or preliminary hearing,
unless the probation officer or county agent was designated to act as
referee by the probate judge prior to January 1, 1988, and was acting
as referee as of January 1, 1988. [MCL 712A.10]
Magistrate - District Court
The district judge may appoint a magistrate to serve at the pleasure
of the judge(s) to exercise the jurisdiction and duties only as authorized
by the chief judge, presiding judge, or only judge of the district court.
[MCL 600.8501, MCL 600.8503]
Attorney:
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Non-Attorney:
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Required Plans
Plan for Appointment of Counsel for Indigent Parties
All trial courts
must adopt and publish a plan to govern the process of selecting and
appointing lawyers to represent indigent defendants and file it with
the supreme court clerk and the state court administrator under MCR
8.123.
If a defendant is able to pay part of the cost of a lawyer, the court
may require contribution to the cost of providing a lawyer and may establish
a plan for collecting the contribution. [MCR 6.005(C)]
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(67K PDF file). >>
Plan for Judicial Availability In each county, the court with trial
jurisdiction over felony cases must adopt and file with the state court administrator
a plan for judicial availability. The plan shall: make a judicial officer available
for arraignments each day of the year, or
make a judicial officer available
for setting bail for every person arrested for commission of a felony each day
of the year conditioned upon: (1) the judicial officer being presented a proper
complaint and finding probable cause pursuant to MCR 6.102(A), and (2) the judicial
officer having available information to set bail.
This portion of the
plan must provide that the judicial officer shall order the arresting officials
to arrange prompt transportation of any accused unable to post bond to the judicial
district of the offense for arraignment not later than the next regular business
day. [MCR 6.104(G)]
Caseflow Management Plan All trial courts are
required to develop and implement caseflow management plans, which include case
processing goals as established under Mich Sup Ct AO 2003-7. See also Court Improvement Project
Recommendations.
>>See Caseflow Management Guidelines
>>See Model LAOs
Family Court Plan Each judicial circuit is
required to establish a family court plan pursuant to MCL 600.1011, as amended
by 2002 PA 682. Supreme Court Administrative Order 2003-2 further requires that
the family court plan be submitted in accordance with the statute and guidelines
provided by the State Court Administrative Office. Family court plans, replacing previous family
division operation plans, were filed with the State Court Administrative Office by July 1, 2003.
Any amendment to a family court plan must be filed with the State Court Administrative Office and
accepted for filing before implementation of the amended provisions.
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summary of family court
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administrative
order. >>
Plan for Remote Hearings on Support and Parenting Time Enforcement Act Bench Warrants
Each friend of the court must adopt a plan for the purpose of coordinating communication
between circuits to facilitate the presentation of evidence by the friend of the court in a
circuit that issued a bench warrant to a court in the circuit in which the arrested party is
being held. Plans are to be submitted as a local administrative order. [MCR 3.221(K)]
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Plan Involving Children who are Absent Without Legal
Permission (AWOLP) Circuit courts were required to develop a plan for reviewing
the cases of children who are AWOLP. Supreme Court Administrative Order 2002-4
specifies the elements that are to be addressed in the plan. Guidelines for Development
of Plans Involving Children who are Absent Without Legal Permission provides additional
information for each required element that circuit courts are required to consider
in developing plans. Plans are to be submitted as a local administrative order. To
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PDF file)>> To select administrative
order. >>
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